Fig is a fruit tree with medicinal and nutritional properties. In Costa Rica, the production of this crop has been promoted in order to stimulate the agricultural diversification. However, conscious of the international problematic caused by the presence of the Fig Mosaic Virus (FMV) assays have been performed to the variety " Brown Turkey " , present in Costa Rica, which presented negative results for pathogenicity. Consequently, it was considered necessary to establish standardized protocols which allow the microscopic and molecular diagnostics of other figs varieties in the country. In this context, the present research evaluates the efficiency of using diagnostic tools including diagnosis through symptoms, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and using molecular assays through PCR with previous retro transcription (RT-PCR) which detected a 302 bp fragment of the FMV RNA-1 in two varieties of fig, corresponding to "Brogiotto Bianco" and "Negro San Juan", using the cultivar " Brown Turkey " as a negative control for the pathogenicity. Through these assays it was possible to determine the differences from a cytological and molecular level in the varieties when compared to the control; evidencing the characteristic symptoms of the studied virus and the amplification of the viral fragment, and hence, indicating that these positive material require a viral removal process before being introduced in the country.
